(This item is among the 5-10 highlights posted for ISHN members each week from the ISHN Member information service. Click on the web link to join this service and to support ISHN)
A research review of the Interventions to improve HPV vaccine uptake was reported in the July 2016 issue of Pediatrics. "We identified interventions designed to increase HPV vaccine uptake among adolescents and young adults aged 11 to 26 years. All study designs were acceptable. Results were reported according to the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework. Fifty-one articles met eligibility criteria: 2 informational interventions, 18 behavioral interventions, and 31 environmental interventions. Factors associated with HPV vaccine uptake were increased vaccine availability, decreased financial barriers, and interventions targeting both providers and patients.Environmental interventions, particularly school-based VP, had 2 major advantages that contributed to their success: increased access to the HPVV and ability to reach a large, diverse population, regardless of individual access to health care. Important themes emerged from descriptions of international school-based VP, which were widely accepted and welcomed by key stakeholders, including school personnel and parents. Location of HPV vaccination varied by age group; younger adolescents were more likely to receive vaccines at school, whereas older adolescents were more likely to go to their health care provider.47,68,72 Similarly, adolescents with poor school attendance had lower vaccination rates than those in school, underscoring the importance of convenience in modifying behavior.72 Finally, the success of environmental interventions in developing countries through school- and clinic-based vaccination programs illustrated that high vaccination coverage is not limited to high-income populations." Read More >>
(This item is among the 5-10 highlights posted for ISHN members each week from the ISHN Member information service. Click on the web link to join this service and to support ISHN)
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(An item from the ISHN Member information service) Several articles in Volume 34, 2015 of Vaccine form a Special Issue that examines the WHO recommendations regarding vaccine hesitancy. The concept is defined and the determinants are described in one article. The results of a systematic review of strategies to address vaccine hesitancy are presented in another article. A guide to tailoring hesitancy prevention programs to specific populations is described in another. Commercial and social marketing principles are also suggested for consideration. Read more>>
(From the ISHN Member information service) An article in Issue #3, 2015 of Vaccine reports on a study of the impact of corrective information about side effects and risks associated the flu vaccine may actually harden the decision to not vaccinate among some members of the public. The authors report that "One possible obstacle to greater immunization rates is the false belief that it is possible to contract the flu from the flu vaccine. A nationally representative survey experiment was conducted to assess the extent of this flu vaccine misperception. We find that a substantial portion of the public (43%) believes that the flu vaccine can give you the flu. We also evaluate how an intervention designed to address this concern affects belief in the myth, concerns about flu vaccine safety, and future intent to vaccinate. Corrective information adapted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website significantly reduced belief in the myth that the flu vaccine can give you the flu as well as concerns about its safety. However, the correction also significantly reduced intent to vaccinate among respondents with high levels of concern about vaccine side effects – a response that was not observed among those with low levels of concern. This result, which is consistent with previous research on misperceptions about the MMR vaccine, suggests that correcting myths about vaccines may not be an effective approach to promoting immunization." This finding may support some of the media stories published in January 2015 that suggest that vaccination ferars are connected to a mistrust of public health authorities. Read more>>
(From the ISHN Member information service) Two articles in Issue #1, 2015 of Vaccine examine the work of National Advisory Committees on Immunization/Vaccinations in several developed countries in Europe, North America and the Pacific. One of the articles is an editorial that recommends several criteria for improving the effectiveness of such committees. The second article reports on an international study of the functioning of these committees according to criteria such as transparency, scientific validity and committee operations. Both analysis are sensible and scientific, perhaps too much so. In our reading of the criteria for effectiveness, we looked for assessments that suggested these committees were working in the real world, that they were recommending strategies to increase the reach of immunization programs, that they were addressing issues related to vaccine hesitancy, that they devised strategies for communication with parents, that they addressed equity and cultural issues and that they considered how schools can be a partner in almost all vaccination/immunization policies and programs. Perhaps this type of information is available on the various health ministry/committee web sites (the primary source of information for the articles) but these two articles did not report such. It might be time for these national advisory committee members to get out of the laboratory and into the real world of vaccine delivery. Read more>>
(From the ISHN Member information service) The delivery of preventive health care services in schools is effective and cost-effective, as noted in several studies and reviews. But the key role of the school nurse in engaging school participants, which leads to other health promoting opportunities within the school, cannot be overlooked. An article in Issue #36, 2014 of Vaccines reports on a Nova Scotia, Canada study which concluded that having a nurse assigned to the school, engaging parents and teachers, was related to full adherence to a voluntary HPV vaccine program. The researchers report that "HPV vaccine initiation was significantly associated with Public Health Nurses providing reminder calls for: consent return (p = 0.017) and missed school clinic (p = 0.004); HPV education to teachers (p < 0.001), and a thank-you note to teachers (p < 0.001). Completion of the HPV series was associated with vaccine consents being returned to the students’ teacher (p = 0.003), and a Public Health Nurse being assigned to a school (p = 0.025). (Note: this posting is part of a series related to the important role and investment in school nurses in schools that will appear in this blog. Read More>>
(An item from ISHN Member information service) An article in Issue #41, 2012 of Vaccines reports an an economic cost of allowing parents to exempt their children from school-required vaccinations due to personal beliefs. The authors report that Assessing the costs of vaccine preventable disease associated with a state adding a philosophical/personal belief school exemption policy is useful for making future policy decisions. Two formulas were developed to estimate the infant, child and adolescent hospitalization and non-medical costs of pertussis disease that are associated with adding a philosophical/personal belief school exemption policy. The parameter estimates were obtained from peer reviewed literature and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The state of Iowa was used as an example in order to demonstrate how the formulas can be applied. The annual projected impact of pertussis disease in Iowa is $273,365 without a philosophical/personal belief exemption policy and an average of $410,047 (range of $281,566–$582,267) with adding a personal belief exemption policy. We project that adding a philosophical/personal belief exemption will cost 50% more dollars annually." Read more..
(An item from ISHN Member information service) A study reported in Issue #33, 2012 of Vaccines described both parent and student perspectives on the importance of various programmatic factors when deciding to participate in a school-located immunizations program (SLIP) for influenza vaccine. The authors notes that: "When considering possible participation in SLIPs, parents and students consider programmatic factors associated with safety/trust and public health benefits to be of the greatest importance. Factor analysis created six primary factors of importance related to programming: (1) safety/trust; (2) outbreaks (representing imminent threat of disease, an environmental factor associated with program timing); (3) issues of site implementation; (4) public health benefits; (5) record-keeping; (6) medical/emotional support. Read more..
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