(An item from the ISHN Member information service) An article in Volume 76, 2015 of Preventive Medicine reports on a review of studies using the Reach, Efficacy/Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to evaluate physical activity interventions aimed at youth. "A systematic search for controlled interventions conducted within the last ten years identified 50 studies that met the selection criteria. Based on Reach, Efficacy/Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance criteria, most of these studies focused on statistically significant findings and internal validity rather than on issues of external validity. Due to this lack of information, it is difficult to determine whether or not reportedly successful interventions are feasible and sustainable in an uncontrolled, real-world setting. Areas requiring further research include costs associated with recruitment and implementation, adoption rate, and representativeness of participants and settings. This review adds data to support recommendations that interventions promoting physical activity in youth should include assessment of adoption and implementation issues". Read more>>
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(An item from the ISHN Member information service) The protocol for a cross-border study of health ministry use of evidence-based practices in chronic disease prevention is presented in the December 2013 issue of Implementation Science. The authors state "Evidence-based public health approaches to prevent chronic diseases have been identified in recent decades and have the potential for high impact. Yet, barriers to implement prevention approaches persist as a result of multiple factors including lack of organizational support, limited resources, competing emerging priorities and crises, and limited skill among the public health workforce. The purpose of this study is to learn how best to promote the adoption of evidence based public health practice related to chronic disease prevention. This study has the potential to be innovative in several ways. This study will be among the first to provide the public health field with information about the facilitators and strategies that state level practitioners use in evidence based chronic disease prevention. Measures of dissemination among practitioners working in prevention of cancer and other chronic diseases are lacking [79-82]. This study will be among the first to develop, test, and utilize such measures. This study is among the first to apply Institutional Theory with frameworks used in public health, specifically Diffusion of Innovations and a knowledge transfer and utilization framework. The study has the potential for future large scale impact as it may identify effective ways to disseminate public health knowledge needed for EBDM processes in different contexts and help shorten the time between research evidence discovery and program application delivery." To this list of innovative aspects, we add one more. This is one of the first times that the subjects of the study are officials in health ministries, identifying their concerns, rather than focusing on front-line practitioners. At the same time, it should be noted that the specific focus of the study appears to be focused on whether the ministry officials are aware of and are using knowledge about better practices. Since knowledge exchange and transfer is only one of several system capacities required to implement and maintain quality improvements (others include coordinated policy, assignment of coordinators, formal and informal mechanisms for cooperation, ongoing work force development, regular monitoring/reporting, joint strategic issue management across systems and explicit sustainability planning), the study may or may not determine or describe the real world roles of ministry officials in promoting better practices and system change. Read more>>
(An item from the ISHN Member information service) "Going beyond training and hoping" is a colourful way to describe the paradigm shift now underway in research, practice and policy-making in school health promotion and social development. The words in the titles of the articles the October 2013 Issue of implementation Science are indicative of the new concepts that must be among the new, fundamentally different way that we approach our work and careers in the future. Although these concepts are applied to non-school settings and practices, their resonance should be self-evident. They include: transfer and implementation, scale-up, spread, and sustainability, making change last, leadership in complex networks, multifaceted, multilevel continuous quality improvement programs, dynamic sustainability frameworks and Social network diagnostics. Read more>>
(An item from ISHN Member information service) An article in the October 2012 issue of the Journal of School Health reports on the dissemination and administrator awareness of guidelines promoting the sale of healthier snacks in elementary schools in the US between 2006-07 and 2009-10. The Alliance for a Healthier Generation launched the Healthy Schools Program in 2006 to encourage schools to create healthier food environments, including the adoption of nutritional guidelines for competitive beverages and foods. This study examines nationwide awareness and implementation of the guidelines in US public elementary schools. From 2006-2007 to 2009-2010, awareness of the Alliance's beverage guidelines increased from 35.0% to 51.8% among school administrators (p < .01); awareness of the food guidelines increased from 29.4% to 40.2% (p < .01). By 2009-2010, almost one third of the schools that sold competitive beverages and foods reported having implemented or being in the process of implementing the guidelines. As noted, the awareness and use of the guidelines is increasing but, also, as the results show, the challenges of dissemination in a large country like the USA are considerable. Read more.
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